In the metal casting industry, an improvement of component quality depends mainly on better control over the production parameters. Thus, a thermal analysis cooling curve of the alloy is used for process control in the aluminum casting industry. In this research, the effect of seven different cooling rates on the microstructure and solidification parameters of the 319 aluminum alloy have been investigated by means of thermal analysis. In each case, the cooling curve and its first derivative curve have been plotted by using very accurate thermal analysis equipment. The effect of different cooling rates on solidification parameters such as nucleation temperature (TN,a), nucleation undercooling (DTN,a), recalescence temperature (TR,a), solidification range (DTs) and total solidification time (tf) has been studied in the liquidus region. Microstructural evaluation has been carried out and DAS was measured in all solidification conditions.